Silver-Palm Kernel Expeller Ash Formation by Combustion Technique and its Congo-red Removal Activity

Authors

  • Salprima Yudha S Yudha S Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Bengkulu, 38122, Kota Bengkulu, Indonesia
  • Nesbah Nesbah Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Bengkulu, 38122, Kota Bengkulu, Indonesia
  • Zulfikri Achid Mardlia Agro Mega Perkasa Limited, Pulau Bai, Kota Bengkulu, Indonesia
  • Annisa Ramadhani Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Bengkulu, 38122, Kota Bengkulu, Indonesia
  • Muhamad Alvin Reagen Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Bengkulu, 38122, Kota Bengkulu, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jpacr.2024.013.02.3341

Keywords:

palm kernel expeller, silver particles, composite, congo red, combustion

Abstract

This study aims to synthesize silver-palm kernel expeller ash (PKE) composites using in-situ combustion at 600 °C. Compared to previous methods, the novel in-situ combustion was developed to easily obtain composites in the laboratory using simple procedures. The products obtained were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results showed that the composites contained silver metal peaks and some peaks of a mixture of compounds predicted to be calcium phosphate, calcium hypophosphate, and other undetermined metal oxides. In addition, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis showed the presence of several important minerals derived from PKE combustion. Composites obtained in this study showed better activity as catalysts in the removal of congo-red under sunlight irradiation compared to only PKE ash. Based on these results, the by-products of palm oil processing had the potential to be used for advanced materials preparation.

Author Biography

  • Salprima Yudha S Yudha S, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Bengkulu, 38122, Kota Bengkulu, Indonesia
    Indepenedent Asssistant Professor

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Published

2024-08-24

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): Edition May-August 2024

Section

Articles

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